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"Installation Instructions" for FAQ, first update for current net release.

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David Starks-Browning 2000-06-02 17:17:53 +00:00
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@chapter Installation Instructions
@section Contents
@strong{(Please note: This section has not yet been updated for the latest
net release.)}
Unlike previous net releases such as B20.1 and earlier, there is no
monolithic "full" or "usertools" installation. Rather, you can pick and
choose the packages you wish to install, and update them individually.
The following packages are included in the full release:
The following packages are available with the latest net release:
Development tools:
binutils, bison, byacc, dejagnu, diff, expect, flex, gas, gcc, gdb,
itcl, ld, libstdc++, make, patch, tcl, tix, tk
ash, bash, binutils, bison, byacc, bzip2, clear, common, cygwin,
dejagnu, diff, expect, fileutils, findutils, flex, gawk, gcc, gdb,
gperf, grep, groff, gzip, inetutils, less, libpng, login, m4, make, man,
patch, sed, shellutils, tar, tcltk, termcap, texinfo, textutils, time,
zlib
User tools:
ash, bash, bzip2, diff, fileutils, findutils, gawk, grep, gzip, m4,
sed, shellutils, tar, textutils, time
Full source code is available for all packages and tools.
The user tools release only contains the user tools.
There are a few different ways to install the Cygwin net release, and
we'll try to cover them all here. It is strongly recommended to use the
automatic @code{setup.exe} program if you can.
Full source code is available for these tools. It is split into
these two units.
@section Installation using the @code{setup.exe} program
@section Installing the binary release:
@strong{IMPORTANT: If you run @code{setup.exe} on an existing Cygwin
installation, Setup will overwrite the contents of mounted directories.
There is no recovery from this. If you are upgrading from an older
version of Cygwin, you may wish to back up your current installation and
unmount old mount points in order to isolate them. Then you can
re-install Cygwin in a new location with new mount points, if this is
what you want.}
@strong{(Please note: This section has not yet been updated for the latest
net release.)}
The @code{setup.exe} program is the recommended way to install Cygwin,
but it is still a work in progress. Expect features and functionality
to change. For this reason, it is a good idea to note the version and
build time reported by @code{setup.exe} when you run it. This will help
diagnose problems, should you have any. Check the cygwin mailing list
for the latest news about @code{setup.exe}.
Important! Be sure to remove any older versions of the Cygwin tools
from your PATH environment variable so you do not execute them by
mistake.
You have a few options when using @code{setup.exe}.
To download the cygwin files, you may use whatever ftp, browser, or
other transfer program you are familiar with. To download multiple
files without interaction, you may wish to try the @code{wget}
program. Visit the cygwin home page's software listings to find a
pre-built copy of it.
The @code{setup.exe} program will prompt you for a "root" directory.
The default is 'C:\cygwin', but you can change it. (You are strongly
urged @strong{not} to choose something like 'C:\'.) It will contain the
necessary files and directory structure, and will be mounted to '/' as
part of the installation process.
Connect to one of the ftp servers listed above and cd to the directory
containing the latest release. A list of mirror sites is at:
After a new installation in the default location, your mount points will
look something like this:
@file{http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/mirrors.html}.
@example
Device Directory Type Flags
C:\cygwin\bin /usr/bin user binmode
C:\cygwin\lib /usr/lib user binmode
C:\cygwin / user binmode
@end example
If you want the development tools and the programs necessary to run
the GNU configure mechanism, you should download the full binary release
called @file{full.exe}. If you only care about the user tools
listed above, download @file{usertools.exe} instead.
Note that /bin and /usr/bin point to the same location, as do /lib and
/usr/lib. This is intentional. Currently, @code{setup.exe} creates
only binary mounts, but future versions will be more flexible.
If you have an unreliable connection, download the appropriate binary in
smaller chunks instead. For the split cdk installer, get the files in
the @file{full-split} subdirectory. Once downloaded, combine the
split files at the command prompt by doing a:
You can let @code{setup.exe} download all the files for you on the fly.
This is the 'internet' installation. Or you can download all (or some)
of the packages ahead of time, and instruct @code{setup.exe} to install
Cygwin from those files. This is the 'directory' installation. You
must use this method if you want to install only a subset of the
available packages.
@smallexample
copy /b xaa + xab + xac + ... + xak + xal full.exe
del xa*.*
@end smallexample
Note that you cannot combine methods. If you use the directory
installation, @code{setup.exe} will install @strong{only} the packages
it finds in the directory; it will not also be able to download packages
from the internet in the same pass. If you have not carefully chosen
which packages to download, you may not end up with a working Cygwin
installation. You can, however, add and update packages later. See
below.
A similar process can be used for the user tools.
Whichever you choose, the first step is to open an ftp mirror site near
you from @file{http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/mirrors.html}. Then
go to the 'latest' directory, download @code{setup.exe} and save that to
an @strong{empty temporary directory}. While you're there, download the
README file and read it. Then read it again.
Once you have an install executable on your system, run it. If
a previous version of the software is detected, it will offer to
uninstall it for you.
Then proceed according to your choice below.
Next it will ask you to choose an install location. The default is
@file{<system-drive>:\cygnus\cygwin-b20}. Feel free to choose another
location if you would prefer.
@subsection Internet installation with @code{setup.exe}
Finally, it will ask you for the name of the Program Files folder
shortcut to add. By default, the installer will create
a @file{Cygwin B20} entry in a
folder called @file{Cygnus Solutions}. When this step is completed, it
will install the tools and exit.
Shut down @strong{all cygwin applications} (including inetd, etc.).
At this point, you should be able to look under the start menu and
select "Cygwin B20". This will pop up a bash shell with all special
environment variables set up for you. If you are running Windows 95 or
98 and are faced with the error message "Out of environment space", you
need to increase the amount of environment space in your config.sys and
try again. Adding the line @code{shell=C:\command.com /e:4096 /p}
should do the trick if @code{C:} is your system drive letter.
Then, @strong{in a command window} ("MS-DOS Prompt" in Windows 95/98),
'@code{cd}' to the temporary directory and type '@code{setup.exe}'.
There are two remaining thing you should do from this prompt.
First, you need to type @code{mkdir -p /tmp} to ensure that a directory
for temporary files exists for programs that expect to find one there.
When prompted, specify the location of the root directory, or accept the
default.
Second, if you are installing the full distribution
(@file{full.exe}), various programs will need to be able to find
@file{/bin/sh}. You should @file{mkdir -p /bin} and put a copy of
@file{sh.exe} there, removing the older version, if present. You can
use the @file{mount} utility to select which drive letter is mounted as
@file{/}. See the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) file for more
information on @file{mount}.
At the next prompt, choose to install from the Internet ('i'). This is
the default.
If you should ever want to uninstall the tools, you may do so
via the "Add/Remove Programs" control panel.
Setup will connect to sourceware.cygnus.com to read a list of mirror
sites. Choose one from the list, or choose 'other' to supply your own.
If you supply your own, you must provide a full URL, not just the ftp
hostname. Setup will then proceed to download all packages from the ftp
site. Of course this may take a while if you have a slow connection.
@section Installing the source code
When finished, Setup will have created a "Cygnus Solutions" folder on
your Start Menu, containing a shortcut to @code{cygwin.bat}, which
invokes bash with various environment variables set correctly. The
"Uninstall Cygwin" shortcut, if present, is unlikely to do a complete
job. If you want to completely uninstall Cygwin, you will probably have
to delete some things by hand.
@strong{(Please note: This section has not yet been updated for the latest
net release.)}
@subsection Directory installation with @code{setup.exe}
Before downloading the source code corresponding to the release,
you should install the latest release of the tools (either the full
release or just the user tools).
Before proceeding, you must download packages into the temporary
directory containing @code{setup.exe}. These are in subdirectories of
'latest' and end in .tar.gz and not in -src.tar.gz. If there is more
than one in a given directory, pick the one with the highest version
number. Put them together in the temporary directory containing
@code{setup.exe}. You may preserve the directory structure of 'latest',
and include the -src.tar.gz files, without ill effect.
Create the directory that will house the source code. @file{cd}
there.
Whatever subset you think is appropriate, it @strong{must} contain the
'cygwin' package, or you will not end up with a working Cygwin
installation.
Connect to one of the ftp servers listed above and cd to the directory
containing the latest release. A list of mirror sites is at:
When you have all the necessary tar files together with
@code{setup.exe}, proceed as you would for an internet installation,
except choose directory installation ('d') when prompted. Setup will
install from the tar files that it finds there. Here are the details
again:
@file{http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/mirrors.html}.
Shut down @strong{all cygwin applications} (including inetd, etc.).
If you want the user tools source code, @file{cd} into the
@file{user-src-split} subdirectory. Download the files there. If you
want the development tools sources, @file{cd} into the
@file{dev-src-split} subdirectory. Download the files there.
Then, @strong{in a command window} ("MS-DOS Prompt" in Windows 95/98),
'@code{cd}' to the temporary directory and type '@code{setup.exe}'.
Back in the Windows command shell, for the user tools source:
When prompted, specify the location of the root directory, or accept the
default.
@smallexample
copy /b xba + xbb + xbc + xbd + xbe + xbf + xbg user-src.tar.bz2
del xb*.*
bunzip2 user-src.tar.bz2
tar xvf user-src.tar
@end smallexample
At the next prompt, choose to install from the current directory ('d').
This is @strong{not} the default.
For the development tools source:
When finished, Setup will have created a "Cygnus Solutions" folder on
your Start Menu, containing a shortcut to @code{cygwin.bat}, which
invokes bash with various environment variables set correctly. The
"Uninstall Cygwin" shortcut, if present, is unlikely to do a complete
job. If you want to completely uninstall Cygwin, you will probably have
to delete some things by hand.
@smallexample
copy /b xca + xcb + xcc + xcd + ... + xck + xcl dev-src.tar.bz2
del xc*.*
bunzip2 dev-src.tar.bz2
tar xvf dev-src.tar
@end smallexample
@subsection Adding or updating packages
Both expand into a directory called @file{src}.
Later versions of @code{setup.exe} permit you to add and/or update
packages to an existing cygwin installation. For the time being, the
procedure is sufficiently well described in these messages from the cygwin
mailing list:
Note: if you want the sources corresponding to everything in the
full.exe binary installer, you will need to download and expand both
the user-src.tar.bz2 and dev-src.tar.bz2 source archives!
@itemize @bullet
@item @file{http://sourceware.cygnus.com/ml/cygwin/2000-05/msg00433.html}
@item @file{http://sourceware.cygnus.com/ml/cygwin/2000-05/msg00445.html}
@end itemize
And you should be done...
@section Upgrading to B20.1
@strong{(Please note: This section has not yet been updated for the latest
net release. Even the section's title is wrong!)}
If you downloaded the original B20.0 release, you should definitely at
least upgrade the Cygwin library to the version present in B20.1. To do
this, download the file
@file{cygwin-b20/cygwin1-20.1.dll.bz2} from one of our mirror sites,
decompress it with bunzip2, and then install the dll, replacing
the file cygwin-b20/H-i586-cygwin32/bin/cygwin1.dll in your original
installation of 20.0.
There are some additional patches in a few of the other tools
(including a gcc change that makes -mno-cygwin find the correct header
files). In addition, the tools have been built with a compiled-in path
of /cygnus/cygwin-b20/ which will make some tools such as bison find
their library files without help from environment variables.
To install the full 20.1 release, you will need to download the
correct installer from scratch. It will offer to uninstall the existing
release and replace it with 20.1 (You should choose to uninstall b20 and
proceed).
We have diff files on the ftp site that can be used to upgrade the
original B20.0 sources. 20.0-20.1-dev-src.diff.bz2 upgrades the
development tools sources. 20.0-20.1-user-src.diff.bz2 upgrades the
user tools sources. They come compressed so you'll need to bunzip2 them
before proceeding. As an example, if the development tools are in the
directory called "src" and the patch is in the directory above it, apply
the patch as follows:
@smallexample
cd src
patch -p1 -E < ../20.0-20.1-dev-src.diff
@end smallexample